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本文为你介绍在Linux下的Supervisor，包括Supervisor的安装、配置及基本使用。
1.Supervisor简介 Supervisord 是用 Python 实现的一款的进程管理工具，supervisord 要求管理的程序是非 daemon 程序，supervisord 会帮你把它转成 daemon 程序，因此如果用 supervisord 来管理进程，进程需要以非daemon的方式启动。 例如：管理nginx 的话，必须在 nginx 的配置文件里添加一行设置 daemon off 让 nginx 以非 daemon 方式启动。
2.Supervisor安装 以centos linux系统为例，以下两种方式选择其一。 # yum install 的方式 yum install -y supervisor # easy_install的方式 yum install -y python-setuptools easy_install supervisor echo_supervisord_conf >/etc/supervisord.conf
3.Supervisor的配置 3.1.supervisord.conf的配置 如果使用yum install -y supervisor的命令安装，会生成默认配置/etc/supervisord.conf和目录/etc/supervisord.d，如果没有则自行创建。 在/etc/supervisord.d的目录下创建conf和log两个目录，conf用于存放管理进程的配置，log用于存放管理进程的日志。 cd /etc/supervisord.d mkdir conf log 修改/etc/supervisord.conf的[include]部分，即载入/etc/supervisord.d/conf目录下的所有配置。 运行：vi /etc/supervisord.conf ... [include] files = supervisord.d/conf/*.conf ... 也可以修改supervisor应用日志的目录，默认日志路径为/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log。 运行：vi /etc/supervisord.conf ... [supervisord] logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log) logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB) logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10) loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace) pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid) ... 3.2.管理应用的配置 进入到/etc/supervisord.d/conf目录，创建管理应用的配置，可以创建多个应用配置。 例如，创建confd.conf配置。 [program:confd] directory = /usr/local/bin ; 程序的启动目录 command = /usr/local/bin/confd -config-file /etc/confd/confd.toml ; 启动命令，与命令行启动的命令是一样的 autostart = true ; 在 supervisord 启动的时候也自动启动 startsecs = 5 ; 启动 5 秒后没有异常退出，就当作已经正常启动了 autorestart = true ; 程序异常退出后自动重启 startretries = 3 ; 启动失败自动重试次数，默认是 3 user = root ; 用哪个用户启动 redirect_stderr = true ; 把 stderr 重定向到 stdout，默认 false stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 20MB ; stdout 日志文件大小，默认 50MB stdout_logfile_backups = 20 ; stdout 日志文件备份数 ; stdout 日志文件，需要注意当指定目录不存在时无法正常启动，所以需要手动创建目录（supervisord 会自动创建日志文件） stdout_logfile = /etc/supervisord.d/log/confd.log ;日志统一放在log目录下 ; 可以通过 environment 来添加需要的环境变量，一种常见的用法是修改 PYTHONPATH ; environment=PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/path/to/somewhere
4.Surpervisor的启动 # supervisord二进制启动 supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf # 检查进程 ps aux | grep supervisord 或者以systemd的方式管理 运行：vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/supervisord #!/bin/sh # # /etc/rc.d/init.d/supervisord # # Supervisor is a client/server system that # allows its users to monitor and control a # number of processes on UNIX-like operating # systems. # # chkconfig: - 64 36 # description: Supervisor Server # processname: supervisord # Source init functions . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions prog="supervisord" prefix="/usr" exec_prefix="${prefix}" prog_bin="${exec_prefix}/bin/supervisord" PIDFILE="/var/run/$prog.pid" start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $prog_bin --pidfile $PIDFILE -c /etc/supervisord.conf [ -f $PIDFILE ] && success $"$prog startup" || failure $"$prog startup" echo } stop() { echo -n $"Shutting down $prog: " [ -f $PIDFILE ] && killproc $prog || success $"$prog shutdown" echo } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status $prog ;; restart) stop start ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}" ;; esac 设置开机启动及systemd方式启动。 sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/supervisord sudo chkconfig --add supervisord sudo chkconfig supervisord on sudo service supervisord start
5.supervisorctl&supervisord Supervisord 安装完成后有两个可用的命令行 supervisord 和 supervisorctl，命令使用解释如下： 5.1.supervisorctl supervisorctl stop programxxx，停止某一个进程(programxxx)，programxxx 为 [program:beepkg] 里配置的值，这个示例就是 beepkg。 supervisorctl start programxxx，启动某个进程。 supervisorctl restart programxxx，重启某个进程。 supervisorctl status，查看进程状态。 supervisorctl stop groupworker ，重启所有属于名为 groupworker 这个分组的进程(start,restart 同理)。 supervisorctl stop all，停止全部进程，注：start、restart、stop 都不会载入最新的配置文件。 supervisorctl reload，载入最新的配置文件，停止原有进程并按新的配置启动、管理所有进程。 supervisorctl update，根据最新的配置文件，启动新配置或有改动的进程，配置没有改动的进程不会受影响而重启。 更多参考： $ supervisorctl --help supervisorctl -- control applications run by supervisord from the cmd line. Usage: /usr/bin/supervisorctl [options] [action [arguments]] Options: -c/--configuration -- configuration file path (default /etc/supervisord.conf) -h/--help -- print usage message and exit -i/--interactive -- start an interactive shell after executing commands -s/--serverurl URL -- URL on which supervisord server is listening(default "http://localhost:9001"). -u/--username -- username to use for authentication with server -p/--password -- password to use for authentication with server -r/--history-file -- keep a readline history (if readline is available) action [arguments] -- see below Actions are commands like "tail" or "stop". If -i is specified or no action is specified on the command line, a "shell" interpreting actions typed interactively is started. Use the action "help" to find out about available actions. 例如： # supervisorctl status confd RUNNING pid 31256, uptime 0:11:24 twemproxy RUNNING pid 31255, uptime 0:11:24 5.2.supervisord supervisord，初始启动 Supervisord，启动、管理配置中设置的进程。 $ supervisord --help supervisord -- run a set of applications as daemons. Usage: /usr/bin/supervisord [options] Options: -c/--configuration FILENAME -- configuration file -n/--nodaemon -- run in the foreground (same as 'nodaemon true' in config file) -h/--help -- print this usage message and exit -v/--version -- print supervisord version number and exit -u/--user USER -- run supervisord as this user (or numeric uid) -m/--umask UMASK -- use this umask for daemon subprocess (default is 022) -d/--directory DIRECTORY -- directory to chdir to when daemonized -l/--logfile FILENAME -- use FILENAME as logfile path -y/--logfile_maxbytes BYTES -- use BYTES to limit the max size of logfile -z/--logfile_backups NUM -- number of backups to keep when max bytes reached -e/--loglevel LEVEL -- use LEVEL as log level (debug,info,warn,error,critical) -j/--pidfile FILENAME -- write a pid file for the daemon process to FILENAME -i/--identifier STR -- identifier used for this instance of supervisord -q/--childlogdir DIRECTORY -- the log directory for child process logs -k/--nocleanup -- prevent the process from performing cleanup (removal of old automatic child log files) at startup. -a/--minfds NUM -- the minimum number of file descriptors for start success -t/--strip_ansi -- strip ansi escape codes from process output --minprocs NUM -- the minimum number of processes available for start success --profile_options OPTIONS -- run supervisord under profiler and output results based on OPTIONS, which is a comma-sep'd list of 'cumulative', 'calls', and/or 'callers', e.g. 'cumulative,callers')
6.Supervisor控制台 在/etc/supervisord.conf中修改[inet_http_server]的参数，具体如下： [inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default port=*:9001 ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface username=root ; default is no username (open server) password=xxxx ; default is no password (open server) 修改后重启supervisor进程，在浏览器访问 http://<host-ip>:9001。 具体如下：
7.supervisor.conf详细配置 路径：cat /etc/supervisord.conf ; Sample supervisor config file. [unix_http_server] file=/var/run/supervisor/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file) ;chmod=0700 ; sockef file mode (default 0700) ;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner ;username=user ; (default is no username (open server)) ;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server)) ;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default ;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface) ;username=user ; (default is no username (open server)) ;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server)) [supervisord] logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log) logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB) logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10) loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace) pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid) nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false) minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024) minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200) ;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022) ;user=chrism ; (default is current user, required if root) ;identifier=supervisor ; (supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor') ;directory=/tmp ; (default is not to cd during start) ;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false) ;childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP) ;environment=KEY=value ; (key value pairs to add to environment) ;strip_ansi=false ; (strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false) ; the below section must remain in the config file for RPC ; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be ; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections [rpcinterface:supervisor] supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket ;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket ;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set ;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set ;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor") ;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available ; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values, ; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under ; supervisor. ;[program:theprogramname] ;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args) ;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s) ;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1) ;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd) ;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None) ;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999) ;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true) ;autorestart=true ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true) ;startsecs=10 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1) ;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3) ;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2) ;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) ;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10) ;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program ;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false) ;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO ;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) ;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10) ;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0) ;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false) ;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO ;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) ;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10) ;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0) ;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false) ;environment=A=1,B=2 ; process environment additions (def no adds) ;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ; The below sample eventlistener section shows all possible ; eventlistener subsection values, create one or more 'real' ; eventlistener: sections to be able to handle event notifications ; sent by supervisor. ;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername] ;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args) ;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s) ;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1) ;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd) ;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10) ;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd) ;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None) ;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1) ;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true) ;autorestart=unexpected ; restart at unexpected quit (default: unexpected) ;startsecs=10 ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1) ;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures (default 3) ;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2) ;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) ;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10) ;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program ;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false) ;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO ;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) ;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10) ;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false) ;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO ;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB) ;stderr_logfile_backups ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10) ;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false) ;environment=A=1,B=2 ; process environment additions ;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ; The below sample group section shows all possible group values, ; create one or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" ; process groups. ;[group:thegroupname] ;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions ;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999) ; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This ; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or ; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are ; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot* ; include files themselves. [include] files = supervisord.d/conf/*.conf
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