|
在Ubuntu18.04系统中安装docker非常简单，只需要几个命令就可以了。其实在Ubuntu14.04及以后的Ubuntu版本都不需要安装额外的依赖包了，直接就可以安装。
安装docker步骤 使用管理员帐号登录Ubuntu18.04系统，保证该帐号有root权限就行，或者可以执行sudo命令。 1.检查curl包有没有安装，执行以下命令： $ which curl 如果curl没有安装的话，更新apt源之后，安装curl包，命令为： $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install curl 2.获得最新的docker安装包： $ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh shell会提示你输入sudo的密码，然后开始执行安装过程，直到完成。注：本文下面附有get.docker.com内容。 3.确认docker是否安装成功，运行以下命令： $ sudo docker run hello-world 这个命令会下载一个测试用的镜像并启动一个容器运行它。
附：镜像加速器 可以先阅读Ubuntu 18.04系统中设置docker加速（18.06.0-ce）一文。 1.添加加速器 对于使用 systemd 的系统，用 systemctl enable docker 启用服务后，编辑 /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service 文件，找到 ExecStart= 这一行，在这行最后添加加速器地址 --registry-mirror=<加速器地址> ，如： ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror=https://jxus37ad.mi rror.aliyuncs.com 2.重新加载配置并且重新启动 $ sudo systemctl daemon-reload $ sudo systemctl restart docker 3.检查加速器是否生效 Linux系统下配置完加速器需要检查是否生效，在命令行执行 ps -ef | grep dockerd，如果从结果中看到了配置的 --registry-mirror 参数说明配置成功。 $ sudo ps -ef | grep dockerd root 5346 1 0 19:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd --registry-mirror=https://jxus37ad.mirror.aliyuncs.com $
附：get.docker.com内容 ################################# #!/bin/sh set -e
# This script is meant for quick & easy install via: # $ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh # $ sh get-docker.sh # # For test builds (ie. release candidates): # $ curl -fsSL test.docker.com -o test-docker.sh # $ sh test-docker.sh # # NOTE: Make sure to verify the contents of the script # you downloaded matches the contents of install.sh # located at https://github.com/docker/docker-install # before executing. # # Git commit from https://github.com/docker/docker-install when # the script was uploaded (Should only be modified by upload job): SCRIPT_COMMIT_SHA=36b78b2
# This value will automatically get changed for: # * edge # * test # * experimental DEFAULT_CHANNEL_VALUE="edge" if [ -z "$CHANNEL" ]; then CHANNEL=$DEFAULT_CHANNEL_VALUE fi
DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_URL="https://download.docker.com" if [ -z "$DOWNLOAD_URL" ]; then DOWNLOAD_URL=$DEFAULT_DOWNLOAD_URL fi
DEFAULT_REPO_FILE="docker-ce.repo" if [ -z "$REPO_FILE" ]; then REPO_FILE="$DEFAULT_REPO_FILE" fi
SUPPORT_MAP=" x86_64-centos-7 x86_64-fedora-26 x86_64-fedora-27 x86_64-fedora-28 x86_64-debian-wheezy x86_64-debian-jessie x86_64-debian-stretch x86_64-debian-buster x86_64-ubuntu-trusty x86_64-ubuntu-xenial x86_64-ubuntu-bionic x86_64-ubuntu-artful s390x-ubuntu-xenial s390x-ubuntu-bionic s390x-ubuntu-artful ppc64le-ubuntu-xenial ppc64le-ubuntu-bionic ppc64le-ubuntu-artful aarch64-ubuntu-xenial aarch64-ubuntu-bionic aarch64-debian-jessie aarch64-debian-stretch aarch64-debian-buster aarch64-fedora-26 aarch64-fedora-27 aarch64-fedora-28 aarch64-centos-7 armv6l-raspbian-jessie armv7l-raspbian-jessie armv6l-raspbian-stretch armv7l-raspbian-stretch armv7l-debian-jessie armv7l-debian-stretch armv7l-debian-buster armv7l-ubuntu-trusty armv7l-ubuntu-xenial armv7l-ubuntu-bionic armv7l-ubuntu-artful "
mirror='' DRY_RUN=${DRY_RUN:-} while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do case "$1" in --mirror) mirror="$2" shift ;; --dry-run) DRY_RUN=1 ;; --*) echo "Illegal option $1" ;; esac shift $(( $# > 0 ? 1 : 0 )) done
case "$mirror" in Aliyun) DOWNLOAD_URL="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce" ;; AzureChinaCloud) DOWNLOAD_URL="https://mirror.azure.cn/docker-ce" ;; esac
command_exists() { command -v "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1 }
is_dry_run() { if [ -z "$DRY_RUN" ]; then return 1 else return 0 fi }
deprecation_notice() { distro=$1 date=$2 echo echo "DEPRECATION WARNING:" echo " The distribution, $distro, will no longer be supported in this script as of $date." echo " If you feel this is a mistake please submit an issue at https://github.com/docker/docker-install/issues/new" echo sleep 10 }
get_distribution() { lsb_dist="" # Every system that we officially support has /etc/os-release if [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then lsb_dist="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$ID")" fi # Returning an empty string here should be alright since the # case statements don't act unless you provide an actual value echo "$lsb_dist" }
add_debian_backport_repo() { debian_version="$1" backports="deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian $debian_version-backports main" if ! grep -Fxq "$backports" /etc/apt/sources.list; then (set -x; $sh_c "echo "$backports" >> /etc/apt/sources.list") fi }
echo_docker_as_nonroot() { if is_dry_run; then return fi if command_exists docker && [ -e /var/run/docker.sock ]; then ( set -x $sh_c 'docker version' ) || true fi your_user=your-user [ "$user" != 'root' ] && your_user="$user" # intentionally mixed spaces and tabs here -- tabs are stripped by "<<-EOF", spaces are kept in the output echo "If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider" echo "adding your user to the "docker" group with something like:" echo echo " sudo usermod -aG docker $your_user" echo echo "Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!" echo echo "WARNING: Adding a user to the "docker" group will grant the ability to run" echo " containers which can be used to obtain root privileges on the" echo " docker host." echo " Refer to https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/security/#docker-daemon-attack-surface" echo " for more information."
}
# Check if this is a forked Linux distro check_forked() {
# Check for lsb_release command existence, it usually exists in forked distros if command_exists lsb_release; then # Check if the `-u` option is supported set +e lsb_release -a -u > /dev/null 2>&1 lsb_release_exit_code=$? set -e
# Check if the command has exited successfully, it means we're in a forked distro if [ "$lsb_release_exit_code" = "0" ]; then # Print info about current distro cat <<-EOF You're using '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'. EOF
# Get the upstream release info lsb_dist=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'id' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[:space:]') dist_version=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'codename' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[:space:]')
# Print info about upstream distro cat <<-EOF Upstream release is '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'. EOF else if [ -r /etc/debian_version ] && [ "$lsb_dist" != "ubuntu" ] && [ "$lsb_dist" != "raspbian" ]; then if [ "$lsb_dist" = "osmc" ]; then # OSMC runs Raspbian lsb_dist=raspbian else # We're Debian and don't even know it! lsb_dist=debian fi dist_version="$(sed 's//.*//' /etc/debian_version | sed 's/..*//')" case "$dist_version" in 9) dist_version="stretch" ;; 8|'Kali Linux 2') dist_version="jessie" ;; 7) dist_version="wheezy" ;; esac fi fi fi }
semverParse() { major="${1%%.*}" minor="${1#$major.}" minor="${minor%%.*}" patch="${1#$major.$minor.}" patch="${patch%%[-.]*}" }
ee_notice() { echo echo echo " WARNING: $1 is now only supported by Docker EE" echo " Check https://store.docker.com for information on Docker EE" echo echo }
do_install() { echo "# Executing docker install script, commit: $SCRIPT_COMMIT_SHA"
if command_exists docker; then docker_version="$(docker -v | cut -d ' ' -f3 | cut -d ',' -f1)" MAJOR_W=1 MINOR_W=10
semverParse "$docker_version"
shouldWarn=0 if [ "$major" -lt "$MAJOR_W" ]; then shouldWarn=1 fi
if [ "$major" -le "$MAJOR_W" ] && [ "$minor" -lt "$MINOR_W" ]; then shouldWarn=1 fi
cat >&2 <<-'EOF' Warning: the "docker" command appears to already exist on this system.
If you already have Docker installed, this script can cause trouble, which is why we're displaying this warning and provide the opportunity to cancel the installation.
If you installed the current Docker package using this script and are using it EOF
if [ $shouldWarn -eq 1 ]; then cat >&2 <<-'EOF' again to update Docker, we urge you to migrate your image store before upgrading to v1.10+.
You can find instructions for this here: https://github.com/docker/docker/wiki/Engine-v1.10.0-content-addressability-migration EOF else cat >&2 <<-'EOF' again to update Docker, you can safely ignore this message. EOF fi
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
You may press Ctrl+C now to abort this script. EOF ( set -x; sleep 20 ) fi
user="$(id -un 2>/dev/null || true)"
sh_c='sh -c' if [ "$user" != 'root' ]; then if command_exists sudo; then sh_c='sudo -E sh -c' elif command_exists su; then sh_c='su -c' else cat >&2 <<-'EOF' Error: this installer needs the ability to run commands as root. We are unable to find either "sudo" or "su" available to make this happen. EOF exit 1 fi fi
if is_dry_run; then sh_c="echo" fi
# perform some very rudimentary platform detection lsb_dist=$( get_distribution ) lsb_dist="$(echo "$lsb_dist" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
case "$lsb_dist" in
ubuntu) if command_exists lsb_release; then dist_version="$(lsb_release --codename | cut -f2)" fi if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/lsb-release ]; then dist_version="$(. /etc/lsb-release && echo "$DISTRIB_CODENAME")" fi ;;
debian|raspbian) dist_version="$(sed 's//.*//' /etc/debian_version | sed 's/..*//')" case "$dist_version" in 9) dist_version="stretch" ;; 8) dist_version="jessie" ;; 7) dist_version="wheezy" ;; esac ;;
centos) if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then dist_version="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_ID")" fi ;;
rhel|ol|sles) ee_notice "$lsb_dist" exit 1 ;;
*) if command_exists lsb_release; then dist_version="$(lsb_release --release | cut -f2)" fi if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then dist_version="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_ID")" fi ;;
esac
# Check if this is a forked Linux distro check_forked
# Check if we actually support this configuration if ! echo "$SUPPORT_MAP" | grep "$(uname -m)-$lsb_dist-$dist_version" >/dev/null; then cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
Either your platform is not easily detectable or is not supported by this installer script. Please visit the following URL for more detailed installation instructions:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/
EOF exit 1 fi
# Run setup for each distro accordingly case "$lsb_dist" in ubuntu|debian|raspbian) pre_reqs="apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl" if [ "$lsb_dist" = "debian" ]; then if [ "$dist_version" = "wheezy" ]; then add_debian_backport_repo "$dist_version" fi # libseccomp2 does not exist for debian jessie main repos for aarch64 if [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "jessie" ]; then add_debian_backport_repo "$dist_version" fi fi
# TODO: August 31, 2018 delete from here, if [ "$lsb_dist" = "ubuntu" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "artful" ]; then deprecation_notice "$lsb_dist $dist_version" "August 31, 2018" fi # TODO: August 31, 2018 delete to here,
if ! command -v gpg > /dev/null; then pre_reqs="$pre_reqs gnupg" fi apt_repo="deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] $DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist $dist_version $CHANNEL" ( if ! is_dry_run; then set -x fi $sh_c 'apt-get update -qq >/dev/null' $sh_c "apt-get install -y -qq $pre_reqs >/dev/null" $sh_c "curl -fsSL "$DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist/gpg" | apt-key add -qq - >/dev/null" $sh_c "echo "$apt_repo" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list" if [ "$lsb_dist" = "debian" ] && [ "$dist_version" = "wheezy" ]; then $sh_c 'sed -i "/deb-src.*download.docker/d" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list' fi $sh_c 'apt-get update -qq >/dev/null' ) pkg_version="" if [ ! -z "$VERSION" ]; then if is_dry_run; then echo "# WARNING: VERSION pinning is not supported in DRY_RUN" else # Will work for incomplete versions IE (17.12), but may not actually grab the "latest" if in the test channel pkg_pattern="$(echo "$VERSION" | sed "s/-ce-/~ce~.*/g" | sed "s/-/.*/g").*-0~$lsb_dist" search_command="apt-cache madison 'docker-ce' | grep '$pkg_pattern' | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f 4" pkg_version="$($sh_c "$search_command")" echo "INFO: Searching repository for VERSION '$VERSION'" echo "INFO: $search_command" if [ -z "$pkg_version" ]; then echo echo "ERROR: '$VERSION' not found amongst apt-cache madison results" echo exit 1 fi pkg_version="=$pkg_version" fi fi ( if ! is_dry_run; then set -x fi $sh_c "apt-get install -y -qq --no-install-recommends docker-ce$pkg_version >/dev/null" ) echo_docker_as_nonroot exit 0 ;; centos|fedora) yum_repo="$DOWNLOAD_URL/linux/$lsb_dist/$REPO_FILE" if ! curl -Ifs "$yum_repo" > /dev/null; then echo "Error: Unable to curl repository file $yum_repo, is it valid?" exit 1 fi if [ "$lsb_dist" = "fedora" ]; then if [ "$dist_version" -lt "26" ]; then echo "Error: Only Fedora >=26 are supported" exit 1 fi
pkg_manager="dnf" config_manager="dnf config-manager" enable_channel_flag="--set-enabled" pre_reqs="dnf-plugins-core" pkg_suffix="fc$dist_version" else pkg_manager="yum" config_manager="yum-config-manager" enable_channel_flag="--enable" pre_reqs="yum-utils" pkg_suffix="el" fi ( if ! is_dry_run; then set -x fi $sh_c "$pkg_manager install -y -q $pre_reqs" $sh_c "$config_manager --add-repo $yum_repo"
if [ "$CHANNEL" != "stable" ]; then $sh_c "$config_manager $enable_channel_flag docker-ce-$CHANNEL" fi $sh_c "$pkg_manager makecache" ) pkg_version="" if [ ! -z "$VERSION" ]; then if is_dry_run; then echo "# WARNING: VERSION pinning is not supported in DRY_RUN" else pkg_pattern="$(echo "$VERSION" | sed "s/-ce-/\\.ce.*/g" | sed "s/-/.*/g").*$pkg_suffix" search_command="$pkg_manager list --showduplicates 'docker-ce' | grep '$pkg_pattern' | tail -1 | awk '{print $2}'" pkg_version="$($sh_c "$search_command")" echo "INFO: Searching repository for VERSION '$VERSION'" echo "INFO: $search_command" if [ -z "$pkg_version" ]; then echo echo "ERROR: '$VERSION' not found amongst $pkg_manager list results" echo exit 1 fi # Cut out the epoch and prefix with a '-' pkg_version="-$(echo "$pkg_version" | cut -d':' -f 2)" fi fi ( if ! is_dry_run; then set -x fi $sh_c "$pkg_manager install -y -q docker-ce$pkg_version" ) echo_docker_as_nonroot exit 0 ;; esac exit 1 }
# wrapped up in a function so that we have some protection against only getting # half the file during "curl | sh" do_install #################################
相关主题 |
